Publication: Publication Date: 1 October 2017Testing Method:
An Introduction to Long-Range Screening Using Guided Waves
Guided wave testing (GW) is now a well-established method for pipeline inspection (Cawley et al., 2003). The method exploits mechanical stress waves that are guided along the wall of the pipe and can travel long distances, so it rapidly provides close to 100% coverage. A transducer injects a wave signal at a chosen location on the line and then receives echoes returning from any features or discontinu-ities. The arrival time of the echoes indicates the distance of these reflectors from the transducer. A single test can cover a range of 50 m or more. Early long-range guided wave inspection applications focused on the detection of corrosion in straight aboveground lines. Such lines could be inspected by conventional means, but the attraction of using guided waves was much-improved inspection speed and the assurance of 100% coverage. As experience was gained, the method was developed to be practical for more complex applications, including road crossings, buried lines, subsea lines, coated lines, and complex geometries (Sabet-Sharghi et al., 2010; Rose et al., 1994). In some of these cases there is no alternative inspection method, so the use of guided waves avoids expensive invasive investigations such as excavation.
References
Alleyne, D., B. Pavlakovic, M. Lowe, and P. Cawley, “Rapid Long Range Inspection of Chemical Plant Pipework Using Guided Waves,” Insight, Vol. 43, No. 2, 2001, pp. 93–96.
Alleyne, D.N., T. Vogt, and P. Cawley, “The Choice of Torsional or Longitudinal Excitation in Guided Wave Pipe Inspection,” Insight: Non-Destructive Testing & Condition Monitoring, Vol. 51, No. 7, 2009, pp. 373–377.
Cawley, P., M.J.S. Lowe, D.H. Alleyne, B. Pavlakovic, and P. Wilcox, “Practical Long Range Guided Wave Testing: Appli-cations to Pipes and Rails,” Materials Evaluation, Vol. 61, No. 1, 2003, pp. 66–74.
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Lowe, M.J.S., D.N. Alleyne, and P. Cawley, “Defect Detection in Pipes Using Guided Waves,” Ultrasonics, Vol. 36, Nos. 1–5, 1998, pp. 147–154.
Mudge, P.J., “Field Application of the Teletest Long-Range Ultrasonic Testing Technique,” Insight, Vol. 43, No. 2, 2001, pp. 74–77.
Pavlakovic, Brian, Mike Lowe, David Alleyne, and Peter Cawley, “Disperse: A General Purpose Program for Creating Dispersion Curves,” Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 16, Plenum Press, New York, New York, 1997, pp. 185–192.
Rose, J.L., J.J. Ditri, A. Pilarski, K. Rajana, and F. Carr, “A Guided Wave Inspection Technique for Nuclear Steam Generator Tubing,” NDT & E International, Vol. 27, No. 6, 1994, pp. 307–310.
Sabet-Sharghi, Reyaz, Kianoush Samani, Erik Burr, Travis Stelly, Randy Denardi, Jim McNew, and Mark Susich, “Ultra-sonic Guided Wave Testing of Concrete Anchor Penetra-tions,” Materials Evaluation, Vol. 68, No. 10, 2010, pp. 1085–1090.
Vogt, T., and M. Evans, “Reliability of Guided Wave Testing,” 4th European-American Workshop on Reliability of NDE, Berlin, 2009.
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