Article Article
Computerized Tomography Application in Oil Industry Using KT-2 Signature

Oil industry situations incorporate analysis of the performance of three-phase pumps used in pumping of oil under various conditions. The very popular method of nondestructive evaluation of solid materials, X-ray tomography, has been found suitable also for such flow applications under certain restrictions. Convolution back-projection (CBP) is the most commonly used algorithm that utilizes the projection data (obtained from a CT scanner) to reconstruct the phase distributions in multiphase flows. The practical implementation of this algorithm utilizes the filter functions that are user dependent, and it incorporates the finite Fourier cutoff frequency. It leads to certain errors in reconstruction. Present study concerns with one of the inherent errors arising in CBP implementation leading to characterization of the flow cross-sections. Kanpur Theorem-2 (KT-2) utilizes different Fourier cutoff frequencies (equivalent to different numbers of data-rays) in CBP reconstructions with a fixed filter function. This KT-2 signature provides interesting information about the distribution of different phase fractions in a three-phase bubble column reactor. The variations in these signatures for different flow conditions provide the information about the flow patterns. The performance of three-phase pumps can be characterized by this technique, thus providing useful input for maintenance activities.

References
  1. E. M. Bruvik, B. T. Hjertaker, and A. Hallanger. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 21:240–248 (2010).
  2. G. A. Johansen, U. Hampel, and B. T. Hjertaker. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 68:518–524 (2010).
  3. R. Maad, B. T. Hjertaker, G. A. Johansen, and Ø. Olsen. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 21:538–545 (2010).
  4. T. Dyakowski. Meas. Sci. Techno. 7:343–353 (1996).
  5. U. Hampel, H. V. Hristov, A. Bieberle, and C. Zippe. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 18:184–190 (2007).
  6. P. Munshi, P. Jayakumar, P. Satyamurthy, T. K. Thiyagarajan, N. S. Dixit, and N. Venkatramani. Experiments in Fluids 24:424–430 (1998).
  7. S. Shakya, P. Munshi, A. Luke, and D. Mewes. Proceedings of ASNT 22nd Research Symposium, Memphis, TN, pp. 179–183 (2013).
  8. G. T. Herman. Image Reconstruction from Projections: The Fundamentals of Computerized Tomography. 2nd ed., Academic Press, New York (1980).
  9. D. Averbuch. 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering 21:39–44 (2006).
  10. P. Munshi, R. K. S. Rathore, K. S. Ram, and M. S. Kalra. Inverse Problems 3:399–408 (1991).
  11. P. Munshi. NDT & E International 25:191–194 (1992).
  12. P. Munshi. NDT & E International 26:235–240 (1993).
  13. P. Munshi, M. Maisl, and H. Reiter. Materials Evaluation 55:188–191 (1997).
  14. P. Munshi, R. K. S. Rathore, and S. Vijay. European Journal of NDT 3:104–107 (1994).
  15. P. Munshi, M. Maisl, and H. Reiter. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 95:402–406 (1995).
  16. P. Munshi and S. P. Singh. Research in Nondestructive Evaluation 10:109–122 (1998).
  17. S. Gulati, M. Behling, P. Munshi, A. Luke, and D. Mewes. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 21:249–254 (2010).
  18. P. Athe, S. Shakya, P. Munshi, A. Luke, and D. Mewes. Proceedings of ISPT6, ISBN 978-0-620-53039- 2, Cape Town (2012).
  19. T. Frøystein, H. Kyandal, and H. Aakre. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 16:99–112 (2005).
  20. F. E. Levert. Nuclear Engineering and Design 26:336–339 (1974).
  21. M. Behling. Dual energy X-ray tomographic measurement of local phase fractions in three phase bubble columns. Ph.D. dissertation. Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany (2007). Available at: http://www.et-enterprises.com/
  22. J. H. Hubbell. Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 33:1269–1290 (1982).
  23. P. C. Mena, M. C. Ruzicka, F. A. Rocha, J. A. Teixeira, and J. Drahoš. Chemical Engineering Science 60:6013–6026 (2005).
  24. B. N. Thorat, A. V. Shevade, K. N. Bhilegaonkar, R. H. Aglawe, U. P. Veera, S. S. Thakre, A. B. Pandit, S. B. Sawant, and J. B. Joshi. Chemical Engineering Research and Design 76:823–834 (1998).
Metrics
Usage Shares
Total Views
49 Page Views
Total Shares
0 Tweets
49
0 PDF Downloads
0
0 Facebook Shares
Total Usage
49