Nondestructive Testing Detects Altered Baseball Bats
Authors: Publication: Publication Date: 1 October 2012
The history of the game of baseball is peppered with interesting stories of attempts to break the rules. Managers have been caught stealing signs; groundskeepers have altered the playing conditions of the field to the advantage of the home team; pitchers have used petroleum jelly, mud, emery boards, or thumbtacks to alter the surface of the baseball; and Major League Baseball players like Albert Belle, Norm Cash, Graig Nettles, and Sammy Sosa, have used corked bats.
References
- “Biggest Cheaters in Baseball.” Web page. Bristol, CT: ESPN (2007; accessed June 2012).
- Nathan, A.M., L.V. Smith, Warren L. Faber and D.A. Russell. “Corked Bats, Juiced Balls, and Humidors: The Physics of Cheating in Baseball.” American Journal of Physics. Vol. 79, No. 6. Melville, NY: American Institute of Physics (June, 2011): p 575-580.
- Petchesky, B. “This is Pete Rose’s Corked Bat” web page. New York, NY: Gawker Media (June 2010; accessed June 2012)
- Telander, R. “The Inside Story of Sammy Sosa’s Corked Bat.” Web page. Chicago Sun-Times. Chicago, IL: Sun-Times Media Group (16 February 2011; accessed June 2012).
- Schramm, R. “NIST and the American Pastime: A Real Corker.” Web page. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology (May 2001; accessed June 2012).
- Gamache, P., A. Galante, G. Seben, and A.J. Elbirt. “Validating Baseball Bat Compliance.” Sports Engineering. Vol. 10. London, United Kingdom: Springer (2007): p 57-164.
- Dougherty, C. “Softball, Hard Questions: On America’s Other Diamonds, Players Try Doctored Bats; How Bobby Buggs Got an Edge.” The Wall Street Journal Online, New York, NY: Dow Jones (20 May 2005)
- Nathan, A.M., D.A. Russell, and L.V. Smith. “The Physics of the Trampoline Effect in Baseball and Softball Bats.” Engineering of Sport 5, Vol. 2. Sheffield, United Kingdom: International Sports Engineering Association (2004): p 38-44.
- ASTM F2219-05, Test Methods for Measuring High-Speed Bat Performance. West Conshohocken, PA: American Society for Testing and Materials (2005).
- Smith, L.V. “Progress in Measuring the Performance of Baseball and Softball Bats.” Sports Technology. Vol. 1, No. 6. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley (2008): p 291-299.
- Russell, D.A. “Why is Doctoring (Painting, End-Loading, or Shaving) a Bat Illegal?” Web page. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University (2008; accessed June 2012).
- Russell, D.A. “Do ABI Techniques Really Work?” Web page. State College, PA: Pennsylvania State University (2009). (accessed June 25, 2012).
- Russell, D.A. “Hoop Frequency as a Predictor of Performance for Softball Bats.” Engineering of Sport 5, Vol. 2. Sheffield, United Kingdom: International Sports Engineering Association (2004): p 641-647.
- Sutton, A.D. and J. A. Sherwood. “Using Vibrational Analysis to Investigate the Batted-Ball Performance of Baseball Bats.” Procedia Engineering. Vol. 2, No. 2. New York, NY: Elsevier (2010): p 2687-2692.
- Smith, L.V. and C.M. Cruz. “Identifying Altered Softball Bats and Their Effect on Performance.” Sports Technology. Vol. 1, No. 4-6. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons (2008): p 196-201.
Metrics
Usage |
Shares |
Total Views 127 Page Views |
Total Shares 0 Tweets |
127 0 PDF Downloads |
0 0 Facebook Shares |
Total Usage |
127 |