In addition to its traditional use as a sizing tool, TOFD is often an excellent method for quick assessment of weld quality. It has the added advantage of good detection capabilities that are generally independent of flaw orientation. However, under some conditions this insensitivity to flaw orientation may present other problems. This paper looks at an example where benign flaws present an interpretation problem for TOFD and will show how pulse-echo phased-array ultrasonic testing can provide an effective solution.

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